MANASA VYADHI..full details

Hetu
According to Charaka mental diseasesare caused due to

(1) Prajnaparadha is the main cause of all disease. Psychological disease is also created by theperson whose intellect, restraint and memory are deranged due to intellectualerror. It vitiates doshas. Forcible propulsion of urges or theirsuppression, indulgence in exertive actions and excessive sex with women,excessive or delayed actions, disappreance of modesty and good conduct,rebuking or insulting the respected ones, use of unwholesome things althoughbeing aware of the same, use of factors causing severe derangement of mind,movement in wrong place and time, friendship with the wicked, avoidance e ofthe code of the noble conduct, conceit, fear, anger, greed, ignorance, narcosisand confusion, troublesome action taken under their spell, troublesome bodilyaction and other such actions due to increase in rajas and tamas.

Similarly following causes are also responsible forpsychological diseases:

(2) Excessive, wrong, perverted or not using any mentalfaculties. Excessive thinking, excessiveand quick emotional arousal wrong or irrelevant thinking on one hand andfailure of mind to restrain harmful things are the factors which produce mentalillnesses.
(3) Proper and improper selection of dharma (virtue orduties), artha (wealth) and Kama (desires) areresponsible respectively for mental health and diseases.
(4) Gain of undesired and loss of desired (place, thing orperson) is described as causes for mental illnesses.
(5) Excessive, wrong and perverted contact of sense organswith their objects; time and volitional transgression also cause mentaldisorders.
(6) Heredity, excessive sensitiveness, bad atmosphere andimproper family and social circumstances, disorders of endocrine glands arealso some of the important factors of mental disorders.


Samprapti

Persons with high rajas and tamasare prone to mental disturbances. Whensomebody with weak sattva and high rajas and tamas comes in contact with thecauses, rajas and tamas are come more aggravated. This leads to recollection of negativememories, fearful memories or disturbing memories, false perceptions, wronganalysis, irrelevant thinking, wrong judgment, wrong decisions, wrong recon=ignition,failure to restrain from negative memories and thoughts. This sequence of events repeats and mayresult into minor to major illness.

MeansBhavas and their Importance in Psychological Diseases

Krodha (anger), moha (infatuation),shoka (grief), bhaya (fear), harsha (joy), vishada (depression), ishya(jealousy), asuya (envy), dainya (misery or feelings helplessness), matsarya, (hgattredness), amarsha(intolerance, kama (lust), lobha (greed) udvega (anxiety), mana (pride), lobha(greed), avega (excitement), glani (languor), dhairya (courage), preeti (love),shraddha (faith), smriti (memory), shanka (uncertainty), bhasa (fright), hatha(obstinancy), vilapa (groaning), are various actions of the mind.


Althoughthese are normal human emotions, when they get aggravated they can lead tovarious mental disorders.

(1) Lobha (greed): Always warning more money, power, andluxurious things is called as greed. Itis due to excess rajas quality of the mind.
(2) Moha (infatuation): This is due to unreasonably stronglove towards person. Hence the persongets affected with extravagant passion.
(3) Krodha (anger): It is due to increase in rajas. People tend to hurt others when they are excessive angry. However they forget one thing that they causemore harm to themselves than the others
(4) Hatha (stubborn): Unyielding to things, which arenormally acceptable, or being obstinate is tamas quality of the mind.
(5) Vilapa /Shoka (grief): This can be the result of theseparation of beloved, loss of some belonging, failure in some task or somepunishment. Sometimes amount of grief isnot corresponding to the strength of the cause behind it.
(6) Preeti (love): True love is of devotion andcompassion. The basic urge to unite isbehind love in which person finds perfect happiness.
(7) Bhaya (fear): insecurity is most important factor inproducing fear. Level of fear variesfrom person to person. Sometimes fear isresult of some unreal or imaginary cause and some times amount of fear is notcorresponding to the strength of the cause. These are abnormal reactions of mind and are symptoms of phobicneurosis.
( Dhairya (courage): Mental courage is required foravoiding harmful and those substances and habits, which may lead to addiction
(9) Shraddha (faith): True faith comes from the heart within. It is without any belief.
(10) Kama (lust) : Thisis emotional aspect of mind in which one feels very attached to someone orsomething and wishes to get that or to keep that always with him. Love and sex are important parts of it. Excessive sensual desires are root cause ofmajority of mental problems.


Importantof Achara rasayana, shaucha etc.,
In thecausation of psychological diseases :

Ayurvedha has described Achararasayana in detail which has been described below. If the person behaves according to these rules and regulations, he does nto developany psychological diseases. Maintainingproper moral character (sheela), hygiene (shaucha ) is also important to keepthe mind healthy.

ChikitsaSiddhanta

Main principle of treatment hasalready been described under heading of sattavajaya. This means increasing sattva quality of mindand decreasing rajas and tamas.
PreventiveMeasures

The most important is to avoidprajnaparadha. Controlling sense orgas,keeping intact memory, proper knowledge of time and place and following thecode of good conduct . (Ch.Su. 7/53-54)

Proper decision about our dharma(virtue or duties), artha (carnings and its ways) and kama(desires) after due consideration of our self, land, family, time and strengthor capacity, prevent from mental disorders. Behaviour according to Achara Rasayana practices promote sattva qualityand antagonize rajas and tamas that ultimately minimize the chances ofdisturbances.


CurativeMeasures

Applying principles of jnana,vijnana, dhairya, smriti and Samadhi the mental disorders can be treated:
(1) Jnana- Simple meaning is knowledge. But it has some special meanings also. It denotes spiritual knowledge, which meansto see the things in their actual form.
(2) Vijnana –Simple meaning of this is wordly knowledge with this the philosophy of spiritualismis brought to practical level.
(3) Dhairya-Application of patience is to raise the mentaltolerance and to reduce its sensitivity to various emotional situations andthus delaying or minimizing the emotional responses.
(4) Smriti – Vitiated memory play an important role indisease process by recalling the bad experiences and not recalling the goodones. One himself or with the help ofpsychilatruist can set the memory in order and may become able to enjoy onlygood past experiences and wiping out the bad ones.
(5) Samadhi (mediation) : This is ultimate step of yoga denoting the state of consciousness whenmind is alert but calm and quiet. Mind,which has a tendency to involve with sensual pleasures, emotions and thinking,when rests in this state, gives an absolute solution for mental problems.
(6) Knowing deeply about origin of problem and its properanalysis in the context to self, society, land, family and time etc,. is alwaysuseful.